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What Is Metallic Silicon

Silicon is widely distributed in the earth’s crust, accounting for about a quarter of the total. Silicon is made from silica SiO2+2C→Si+2CO2↑.
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The silicon produced in this way is rough silicon containing a small amount of impurities, also called metallic silicon.

Among them, Si accounts for about 98%, and Fe, Al, Ca, Zn, Cu, Ni, Sn, Pb, Mn, Ti, etc. account for about 2%.

The appearance of metallic silicon is a gray-brown, metallic luster, hard and brittle silicon block. The silicon element symbol is Si, the atomic number is 14, and the atomic weight is: 28.0355.

The atomic radius of silicon is 1.17 μm. The main valences are: +2, +4. Silicon The structure of the outer electrons of the atom is 382, 3P2. Each silicon atom in the silicon crystal forms 4 common mediators with 4 other silicon atoms. The bond length of crystal silicon is 2.35×10-10μm, and the bond energy of Si-Si is 42.5 kilometers/mol, the density of silicon is 2.32~2.34g/cm3 or 2.32~2.4g/cm3, the melting point is 1410°C, the boiling point is 2355°C, and the resistivity is 2140Ω.m.

There are two allotropes, amorphous and crystalline. The electrical conductivity of silicon is between that of metal and insulator, and silicon is a good semiconductor.

At room temperature, the chemical properties of silicon are inactive; under heating conditions, silicon can react with many non-metals; silicon is insoluble in water; for example, the thermal combustion of silicon powder generates silicon dioxide and releases a large amount of heat.

Industrial silicon, also known as metallic silicon and crystalline silicon, is silver-gray crystalline, hard and brittle, and is smelted from quartz stone and other materials containing more than 98.5% SiO2.

Industrial silicon has extremely wide uses and is a basic industrial raw material. It is mainly used to produce organic silicon and polycrystalline silicon.

It is widely used in aerospace, aviation, electronics, organic chemicals, smelting, insulation and refractory materials and other industries and fields.

Industrial silicon is usually classified according to the content of the three main impurities of iron, aluminum, and calcium contained in industrial silicon components.

According to the content of iron, aluminum and calcium in industrial silicon, industrial silicon can be divided into different brands such as 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, 1101 and so on.